Editing & proofreading

You've written the draft. You're not sure if it lands. Or you know it lands but you want a second pair of eyes before submission. Editing is a separate service from writing, and it's the right choice when you've done the substantive work yourself but need an editor to catch what you've stopped seeing.

The three editing levels

Substantive editing — addresses argument structure, paragraph order, missing evidence, weak transitions. This is the deepest pass; the editor often returns the draft with significant suggested rewrites.

Copy-editing — addresses sentence-level clarity, grammar, register, citation hygiene. The argument is left alone; the prose around it is tightened.

Proofreading — catches surface errors: typos, formatting inconsistencies, citation-style violations. The lightest pass.

The right level depends on how confident you are in your draft. Most clients ask for copy-editing plus light substantive feedback. We'll tell you honestly which level your draft actually needs.

What editing includes

Tracked changes in your Word file so you can see every edit. Editor's comment in the margin where structural changes are recommended. Citation style verified against the required guide. Free Turnitin similarity + AI Writing report so you can verify the post-edit numbers before submission.